Kimi K2.5

Moonshot AI

Parameters

1.0T total / 32.0B active

MoE: total / active

Architecture

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE)

Released

01.01.2026

License

Modified MIT License (Kimi)

Open Weights Commercial Use Multimodal BF16/F32/I32 (native INT4 quantization available) Kimi English Chinese

Input Modalities

text image

Output Modalities

text

Context (native)

262,144 tokens

Context (extended)

262,144 tokens

Openness Index Score 70.0/100

About

Kimi K2.5 (moonshotai/Kimi-K2.5) is Moonshot AI's open-source native multimodal agentic model, built through continual pretraining on approximately 15 trillion mixed visual and text tokens atop Kimi-K2-Base. It integrates vision and language understanding with advanced agentic capabilities, instant and thinking modes, and conversational and agentic paradigms.

The architecture is a trillion-parameter Mixture-of-Experts with 32B activated parameters: 61 layers (1 dense), hidden size 7168, 384 routed experts with 8 selected per token plus 1 shared expert (MoE expert dim 2048), attention based on Multi-head Latent Attention (MLA) (kv-lora rank 512, q-lora rank 1536, 128 nope + 64 rope head dims, SwiGLU activation), 160K vocabulary and a 256K context window. Vision comes from MoonViT, a 400M-parameter encoder (27 layers, patch 14, patchmerger projector, spatial-temporal video attention). The checkpoint ships with native INT4 quantization (compressed-tensors).

Key features: native multimodality (visual knowledge, cross-modal reasoning, agentic tool use grounded in visual inputs), coding with vision (generates code from UI designs/video workflows and orchestrates visual data tools), and Agent Swarm - a self-directed, coordinated swarm-like execution scheme that decomposes complex tasks into parallel sub-tasks executed by dynamically instantiated, domain-specific agents.

Training Data Continual pretraining on approx. 15 trillion mixed visual and text tokens atop Kimi-K2-Base; vision-language agentic training (card Model Introduction).

Benchmark Scores

Benchmark Score Date Standing
MMMU-Pro
vision_language
90.29%
23.08.2026
#9/35
better than 76%
HLE (with tools)
stem_reasoning
64.71%
23.08.2026
#29/49
better than 42%
DeepSearch QA
general_agent
81.98%
23.08.2026
#4/9
better than 62%
WideSearch
general_agent
73.39%
23.08.2026
#14/24
better than 43%
Toolathlon Verified
general_agent
27.80
23.08.2026
#35/35
better than 0%
MCPMark
general_agent
29.50%
23.08.2026
#8/15
better than 50%
Claw-Eval Avg
coding_agent
91.22%
23.08.2026
#5/40
better than 90%
Apex-Agents
general_agent
9.19%
23.08.2026
#22/24
better than 4%
OSWorld-Verified
general_agent
56.30%
23.08.2026
#17/25
better than 33%
Terminal-Bench 2.0
coding_agent
51.64%
23.08.2026
#13/23
better than 45%

Hardware Requirements

Estimated VRAM per quantization at 4,096 tokens context — MoE: all experts must fit in VRAM, only 32.0B are active per token

Quantization Weights KV Cache Total VRAM On your hardware
FP16 — 16-bit 2000.0 GB 5.0 GB 2105.0 GB Which GPUs can run it? Calculate on your GPU
INT8 — 8-bit 1000.0 GB 2.5 GB 1052.5 GB Which GPUs can run it? Calculate on your GPU
INT4 — 4-bit 500.0 GB 1.2 GB 526.2 GB Which GPUs can run it? Calculate on your GPU
FP4 — 4-bit 500.0 GB 1.2 GB 526.2 GB Which GPUs can run it? Calculate on your GPU

Only datacenter GPUs — FP16 needs 2105.0 GB. For consumer hardware, choose the INT4 build with a multi-GPU setup.

Architecture

Decoder Block input Embedding vocab 164K · d 7168 Full Attention MLA · 64 heads ×61 MoE FFN 384 experts · top-8 · +1 shared · dᴻ 2048 Final Norm LM Head vocab 164K output
Attention
Multi-head Latent Attention
MoE
384 experts · top-8 per token
Layers
61
Hidden size
7168
Context
262K tokens
RoPE θ
50K
Parameters
1000000M
Active params
32000M

Source: Hugging Face config.json · KimiK25ForConditionalGeneration · model repo

Type: Trillion-scale MoE (Kimi K2.5): DeepseekV3-style MLA + 384 experts
Attention: Multi-head Latent Attention (MLA): kv-lora rank 512, q-lora rank 1536, 64 heads, qk_nope 128 / qk_rope 64, v_head_dim 128; RoPE theta 50000; SwiGLU
Decoder: MoE decoder-only (61 layers, 1 dense); DeepseekV3 backbone
MoE: yes (384 experts)
Routing: Top-8 of 384 routed experts + 1 shared expert (norm_topk_prob)
Vision encoder

MoonViT 400M (27 layers, patch 14, hidden 1152, patchmerger projector, spatial-temporal video attention)

Training Pipeline

  1. 1
    cpt

    Continual pretraining on visual-text tokens (~15T)

    Continual pretraining on approx. 15 trillion mixed visual and text tokens atop Kimi-K2-Base; adds native multimodality and agentic capabilities.

Training & Evaluation Datasets

NameRoleSizeModalitiesCollection
Mixed visual-text tokens (~15T, continual pretraining) pretraining — —

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